The term, cutaneous pseudolymphoma psl, refers to a group of lymphocyterich infiltrates, which either clinically andor histologically simulate cutaneous lymphomas. Pseudolymphoma is characterized by dense lymphoid infiltrates of the skin, which may be focal or diffuse. The term pseudolymphoma is not specific but is merely descriptive. Generally, cutaneous pseudolymphoma is used to describe the accumulation of lymphocytes in the skin in response to various stimuli. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma cpl is a reactive polyclonal t or bcell lymphoproliferative process. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma fitzpatricks dermatology, 9e.
Major advances have been made in the histologic classification, immunohistochemistry, and. Three months following a right sided acute epididymitis a 62 year old patient presented with a painless right testicular swelling. Cutaneous pseudolymphomas can be separated into two major subtypes, pseudolymphomas mimicking a cutaneous b cell lymphoma and pseudolymphomas mimicking a cutaneous t cell lymphoma. A case of cutaneous pseudolymphoma resulted from allergy hyposensitization injections. Pseudolymphoma is not a specific disease but rather an inflammatory response to known or unknown stimuli that results in a lymphomatousappearing but benign accumulation of inflammatory cells. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma is the term used to indicate a group of benign lymphoproliferative disorders of the skin, being the cutaneous lymphomas a form of bcell pseudolymphoma. Krasnaliev3 1 department of dermatology and venereology, medical university varna 2 department of dermatology and venereology, medical university sofia. It has also been reported with valproate sodium, atenolol, griseofulvin, imatinib, 124 ace inhibitors, allopurinol, cyclosporine ciclosporin, antihistamines, and mexiletine see p. No single histological feature alone can confirm the diagnosis of lymphoma or pseudolymphoma.
This skin reaction, heretofore, to our knowledge, unreported, can be added to urticarial, granulomatous, and suppurative dermatitides known to develop following allergy hyposensitization injections. Aug 14, 2019 approximately three quarters of cases of cutaneous pseudolymphoma are localized. Pseudolymphoma, cutaneous request pdf researchgate. The finding of clonal t or bcell populations in cutaneous pseudolymphoma suggests that gene rearrangement analysis cannot be used as an absolute criterion in the differentiation between cpl and cutaneous lymphoma. The second biopsy revealed a dense, nodular, atypical dermal lymphoid infil trate composed primarily of round regular lymphocytes intermixed with some larger. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma has often been described in association with a variety of cutaneous infections such as lyme disease. Jun 26, 2016 the finding of clonal t or bcell populations in cutaneous pseudolymphoma suggests that gene rearrangement analysis cannot be used as an absolute criterion in the differentiation between cpl and cutaneous lymphoma. However, after inguinal orchiectomy a benign pseudolymphoma of the testis was revealed by pathological examination. It has also been reported with valproate sodium, atenolol, griseofulvin, imatinib, 124 ace inhibitors, allopurinol, cyclosporine. While most cases of cpl are idiopathic, they may also occur as a response to, for example, contact dermati. Cutaneous pseudolymphomacpl was first described under the term sarcomatosis cutis by kaposi in 1891.
Cutaneous pseudolymphoma occurring after traumatic implantation. Tcell pseudolymphoma presenting in a lichenoid and. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma secondary to exogenous pigment in a. In 1923, bilerstein coined term lymphocytoma cutis term lymphadenosis benigna cutis was introduced by bafverstedt in 1943 in 1967, lever introduced term pseudolymphoma of spiegler and fendt subsequently,caro and helwig in 1969 introduced term. Jun 14, 2014 dincan m, souteyrand p, bignon yj, fonck y, roger h. The literature documents a wide range of causes of psl, broadly. Tcell pseudolymphoma presenting in a lichenoid and nodular.
The term pseudolymphoma tends to be more commonly used in histological investigations when the cause is known, and in the rest of the cases, many authors prefer to use the term cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia 3, 4. These diseases differ in their clinical, histologic, and immunophenotypic presentation, and are of different etiologies table 1201. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma cpsl, also called lymphoid infiltrates of the skin mimicking lymphoma, is defined as reactive polyclonal benign. This edition includes papers on the teaching of pathology in the undergraduate curriculum, recent advances in work on primary carcinomas of the salivary glands, the intricacies of barretts esophagus, the concept of epithelialmesenchymal transition in cancer invasion and metastasis, matrix metalloproteinases in neoplastic progression, new concepts of osteoarthritis, cutaneous pseudolymphoma. Druginduced cutaneous pseudolymphoma is an uncommon reaction. Pseudolymphoma, also called as cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia, is a skin lesion having lymphomatous appearance mimicking lymphoma that results from. David weedon ao md frcpa fcaphon, in weedons skin pathology third edition, 2010. In 1923, bilerstein coined term lymphocytoma cutis term lymphadenosis benigna cutis was introduced by bafverstedt in 1943 in 1967, lever introduced term pseudolymphoma of spiegler and fendt subsequently,caro and helwig in 196. The most common site of involvement in cutaneous pseudolymphoma is the face 70%, followed by the chest and the upper extremities. University of texas, md anderson cancer center 1515 holcombe blvd. Treatment of cutaneous pseudolymphoma 311 acta derm venereol histopathology histopathology is an important tool in the diagnosis of cpl, and is necessary to distinguish cpl from reactive cutaneous inflammatory cell infiltrates, and lymphoma. The tool will instantly upload and transform the file into a pdf.
Pdf report of a cutaneous pseudolymphoma case treatment using rituximab. Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia refers to a groups of benign cutaneous disorders characterized by collections of lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells in the skin 725 conditions included in this groups are 725 cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia with nodular pattern, a condition of the skin characterized by a solitary or localized cluster of asymptomatic erythematous to violaceous. Depending on the predominant cell type in the infiltrate, cutaneous pseudolymphomas are divided into t and bcell pseudolymphomas. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma refers to a group of conditions that simulate a lymphoma blood cell cancer, but behave in a harmless manner. In a recent article in the archives on cutaneous pseudolymphoma resulting from antigen injections 110. Compress, edit or modify the output file, if necessary. The remaining cases usually show grouped papules in a single defined region. The term cutaneous pseudolymphoma cpl, an accumulation of lymphocytes in response to a foreign antigen or unknown stimuli lacks specificity, and has been used when neither cause nor mechanism for the lymphocytic proliferation has been identified. Apr 15, 20 cutaneous pseudolymphoma cpsl is defined as reactive polyclonal benign lymphoproliferative process predominantly composed of either bcells or tcells, localized or disseminated. The most frequent complications related to tattoos include infections, allergic and irritant contact. Histopatholgically, clh is characterized by a dense mixed b and t cell lymphocytic infiltration in reticular dermis with a nodular or diffuse pattern 1. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma is a term used to describe skin lesions that bear a clinical andor histopathologic resemblance to lymphoma. Miliarial type pseudolymphoma mimicking as granulomatous rosacea.
Clinicopathologic correlation is essential to achieve the correct diagnosis. Report of two cases 111 the pcr of immunoglobulin heavy chain igh gene rearrangement showed polyclonality. Rearrange individual pages or entire files in the desired order. We report a case in which a 63 yearold female presented with a 5month history of a progressive skin eruption and an enlarging subcutaneous mass. It manifests with diarrhoea, hepatosplenomegaly, moderate lymph node enlargement without histopathological changes and evidence of the reticulo. Cutaneous b cell pseudolymphomas previously called lymphadenosis benigna cutis, lymphocytoma cutis, pseudolymphoma of spieglerfendt, or cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia represent a reactive bcell proliferation response to a variety of antigenic stimuli, including arthropod bites, gold pierced earrings, tattoo dyes, and drugs. Hydantoininduced cutaneous pseudolymphoma with clinical, pathologic, and immunologic aspects of sezary syndrome. Cutaneous tcell pseudolymphomas include idiopathic cutaneous tcell pseudolymphoma, lymphomatoid drug reactions, lymphomatoid contact dermatitis, persistent nodular arthropodbite reactions, nodular scabies.
While most cases of cpl are idiopathic, they may also occur as a response to, for example, contact dermatitis. Pseudolymphoma is a benign lymphocytic infiltrate that resembles cutaneous lymphoma histologically, clinically, or both. It is a process that simulates a cutaneous lymphoma blood cell cancer developing in the skin, but it behaves in a harmless manner. Skin pseudolymphoma caused by cutaneous leismaniasia. A case report, abstract the authors report on a case of pseudolymphoma cutis in a 48yearold man. Lymphocytoma cutis is a rare pseudolymphoma that has also been known as cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia or lymphadenosis benigna cutis. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma is a term used to describe a heterogeneous group of benign reactive t cell, bcell or mixed cell type lymphoproliferative processes that resemble cutaneous lymphomas clinically andor histopathologically. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma refers to a heterogenous group of benign reactive tcell or bcell lymphoproliferative processes of diverse causes that simulate cutaneous lymphomas clinically and histologically. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma usually more prominent and found in sheets, particularly at the periphery of the infiltrates and near by the epidermis. Major advances have been made in the histologic classification. After complete excision of the whole lesion, there has been no recurrence during the followup period of 12 months. Learn more about cutaneous pseudolymphoma from related diseases, pathways, genes and ptms with the novus bioinformatics tool.
Smallpdf pdf converter operates fully in the cloud. Aug 14, 2019 pseudolymphoma is not a specific disease but rather an inflammatory response to known or unknown stimuli that results in a lymphomatousappearing but benign accumulation of inflammatory cells. Some of these represent outdated synonyms, some refer to variants of the same entity, and some are misnomers for diseases now recognized to be true lymphomas. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma cpl was first described under the term sarcomatosis cutis by kaposi in 1891.
Only 3 cases of cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia associated with leishmaniasis infection have been reported in the literature. Presence of clonality must be interpreted in the context of the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of cutaneous. Pseudolymphoma definition of pseudolymphoma by medical. It heals spontaneously after cessation of the causative factor e. You can access the free pdf file converter anywhere, with an internet connection. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma resulting from antigen injections. Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia pseudolymphomas of the skin are. Pseudolymphomas may arise in response to a wide variety of foreign antigens, but most are idiopathic. A case of cutaneous pseudolymphoma associated with silicone injection. Pdf converter convert files to and from pdfs free online. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma is considered to be a benign reactive cutaneous lymphoid infiltrate.
Cpl may appear as localized or disseminated skin lesions. Cutaneous bcell lymphoid hyperplasia, also called cutaneous bcell pseudolymphoma has occasionally been reported to develop after several months or years at sites of previous vaccination. Physical examination, scrotal ultrasound and operative exploration suggested malignancy. Both tcell and bcell forms of pseudolymphoma may be seen. Gharaei nejad kaveh 1, rafiei rana 1, azimi seyyede zeinab 1, rafiee behnam 2. Angiology lymphoma cutis is the most important type of pseudolymphoma. Clinicopathologic correlation is essential to achieve the final diagnosis in cutaneous psl and to differentiate it from cutaneous lymphomas. In most situations, this appears to be a reactive process, though a number of dermatologic conditions can be difficult to distinguish from a lymphoma.
Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia with bandlike and perivascular patterns, a condition of the skin characterized by skin lesions that clinically resemble mycosis fungoides. Cutaneous pseudolymphomas can be separated into two major subtypes, pseudolymphomas mimicking a cutaneous b cell lymphoma b cell pseudolymphomas and pseudolymphomas mimicking a. Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia, or cutaneous pseudolymphoma cpl, is a benign lymphoproliferative disorder of reactive t or b lymphocytes that clinically andor histologically mimics cutaneous lymphoma 1. Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia clh is a subtype of cutaneous pseudolymphoma which is also named lymphocytoma cutis and affects females more than males. The term cutaneous pseudolymphoma refers to a heterogeneous group of benign skin disorders that simulate cutaneous lymphomas histologically and sometimes clinically. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma cpsl is defined as reactive polyclonal benign lymphoproliferative process predominantly composed of either bcells or tcells, localized or disseminated. Pseudolymphoma cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia is a benign inflammatory response that histologically and often clinically mimics cutaneous lymphoma. The term cutaneous pseudolymphoma refers to a group of skin diseases that can be defined as benign lymphoproliferative processes that clinically andor histologically simulate cutaneous lymphomas. Druginduced pseudolymphoma results from exposure to medications, which results in cutaneous inflammatory patterns that resemble lymphoma, most frequently mycosis fungoides. Pdf pseudolymphomas are a group of disorders, which clinically and histopathologically mimic lymphomas. Over the years, a wide variety of designations have been included in this category. Druginduced pseudolymphoma results from exposure to medications, which results in cutaneous inflammatory patterns that resemble lymphoma, most frequently mycosis fungoides 11930 see also. Abstract cutaneous pseudolymphomas psls belong to a group of lymphocytic.
These lesions are clinically manifested as painful andor itching. It is seen most often with the antiepileptic drugs, 123 such as phenytoin and carbamazepine. Collections of epithelioid macrophages were present in both cases and were reminiscent of epithelioid granulomas. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma refers to a heterogeneous group of benign reactive t. While most cases of cpl are idiopathic, they may also occur as a response to, for example, contact dermatitis, arthropod reactions, and bacterial infections.
Pseudolymphoma is a benign lymphocytic infiltrate that resembles cutaneous lymphoma histologically, clinically. In only rare instances these lesions have been observed to develop also at distant sites. Cutaneous pseudolymphoma psls are a heterogeneous group of lymphocyterich infiltrates, simulating clinically andor histologically cutaneous lymphoma. Specific cutaneous pseudolymphoma units acral pseudolymphoma angiokeratoma in children apache, palpable arciform migratory erythema, angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosiniphilia and kimuras disease. Pseudolymphomas of the skin are benign lymphocytic proliferations that simulate cutaneous tcell ctcls or bcell lymphomas cbcls clinically andor histopathologically cerroni et al. Dincan m, souteyrand p, bignon yj, fonck y, roger h. In cutaneous pseudolymphoma, resemblance to lymphoma is usually most apparent histologically, but some examples may also mimic lymphoma clinically.
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